In which unit is the output capacity of transformers typically rated?

The output capacity of transformers is typically rated in KVA (kilovolt-amperes). This unit effectively reflects the apparent power that a transformer can handle, which takes into account both the voltage and current involved in its operation.

Transformers do not operate based solely on real power (which would be measured in watts) because they involve alternating current (AC) and can have varying power factors, depending on their load characteristics. KVA is particularly valuable because it combines voltage (in kilovolts) and current (in amperes) to give a clear picture of the transformer's capabilities without considering the complexities of power factor.

Utilizing KVA for transformers is essential for ensuring proper sizing and operation in electrical systems, allowing engineers and electricians to assess how well a transformer will perform with different loads and configurations. This rating is crucial for maintaining efficiency and safety in electrical installations.