What is the function of a transformer?

The primary function of a transformer is to change the voltage level of electricity. Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction, allowing them to increase or decrease the voltage of alternating current (AC) electrical circuits while maintaining the same frequency. This capability is crucial in electrical power distribution, where high voltages are often used for transmission over long distances to reduce energy losses as heat in conductors. Upon reaching the area of consumption, transformers reduce the voltage to safer levels for residential and commercial use. This voltage transformation is key in ensuring both safety and efficiency in the electrical grid.

While other options mention aspects of electrical systems, they do not capture the fundamental purpose that transformers serve in adjusting voltage levels, which is vital for proper functioning and distribution of electrical energy.