What is the process by which metals are demagnetized called?

The process of demagnetizing metals is specifically known as degaussing. This term originates from the practice of reducing or eliminating magnetic fields in devices or materials, commonly used in reference to hard drives and magnetic media. During degaussing, an alternating magnetic field is applied to disrupt the alignment of magnetic domains within the material, effectively erasing its magnetic properties.

While the other terms may relate to processes involving energy transfer or disruption of function, they do not specifically refer to the process of demagnetizing materials. Degaussing is the technical term that accurately describes the deliberate action taken to neutralize magnetism in metals and magnetic devices. This understanding is crucial for those working with electrical systems, where unwanted magnetic fields can interfere with device performance or safety.