What is typically used as grounding material in electrical installations?

The use of copper as a grounding material in electrical installations is well-established due to its excellent electrical conductivity. Copper is highly effective in providing a low-resistance path for electrical currents, helping to prevent voltage surges and ensuring that excess electrical energy, such as that from lightning strikes or short circuits, is safely dissipated into the ground. Its corrosion resistance also contributes to its reliability over time, ensuring that grounding systems remain effective in various environmental conditions.

In contrast, materials like wood and plastic do not have conductive properties suitable for effective grounding. Wood can be an insulator and does not provide a pathway for electricity to flow safely, while plastic has similar insulating properties and lacks the necessary conductivity. Steel, although conductive, is prone to corrosion, which can compromise the reliability of a grounding system over time compared to copper. Therefore, copper's combination of conductivity, durability, and resistance to corrosion makes it the preferred choice for grounding in electrical installations.